Gerben J. Zylstra
Biotechnology Center for Agriculture and the Environment
Foran Hall, 59 Dudley Road
New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520
(732) 932-8165 x320
Fax: (732) 932-0312
zylstra@aesop.rutgers.edu
Home Page: www.rci.rutgers.edu/~zylstra
Professor of Microbiology
Director of the Biotech Center
B.S. (Biology), Calvin College, 1981
Ph.D. (Cellular & Molecular Biology), University of Michigan, 1987
Molecular and biochemical basis for microbial aromatic hydrocarbon degradation
Research in my laboratory is directed toward understanding the mechanisms by which different bacterial strains utilize aromatic compounds as carbon and energy sources. Projects in the laboratory emphasize the use of molecular genetic tools in the analysis of gene (and protein) evolution, the regulation of gene expression, the identification of intermediate compounds in catabolic pathways, and the functional analysis of the enzymes involved. The primary theme for projects in the laboratory is the examination of microbial diversity and how this affects the degradation of aromatic compounds in the environment. For instance, different bacterial strains may utilize different biochemical pathways for the degradation of the same aromatic compound. In contrast, different bacterial strains may degrade an aromatic compound by the same catabolic pathway but possess genes that have diverged widely in their nucleotide sequence. This diversity in nucleotide sequence also plays a role in the specificity and activity of the enzymes produced. Research thus focuses on a detailed biochemical, physiological, and molecular genetic investigation and comparison of different model catabolic pathways in different bacterial genera. Specific areas of research include: (1) site-directed modification of enzymes to understand their function and to perhaps enhance their ability to transform aromatic compounds to oxygenated intermediates, (2) analysis of gene regulation and how this can be used to enhance microbial biodegradation of xenobiotic compounds in the environment, (3) design and use of molecular probes to track genes and their expression in the environment, and (4) construction of hybrid catabolic pathways for the degradation of recalcitrant compounds. The laboratory is currently focusing on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Sphingomonas, Comamonas, and Mycobacterium strains, the degradation of nitrophenols and nitrobenzoates by several different Pseudomonas species, and the degradation of phthalates by P. cepacia, C. testosteroni, and Acinetobacter.
RECENT PUBLICATIONS
Kim, D., K. Y. Choi, M. Yoo, J. N. Choi, C. H. Lee, G. J. Zylstra, B. S. Kang, and E. Kim. 2010. Benzylic and aryl hydroxylations of m-xylene by o-xylene dioxygenase from Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17. Appl. Microbiol. Biotech. (in press)
Kim, D., C. H. Lee, J. N. Choi, K. Y. Choi, G. J. Zylstra, and E. Kim. 2010. Aromatic hydroxylation of indan by the o-xylene-degrading Rhodococcus sp. strain DK17. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76:375-277.
Ni Chadhain, S. and G. J. Zylstra. 2010. Functional Gene Diversity, Biogeography, and Dynamics, p. 2413-2422. In K. N. Timmis (ed.), Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology. Springer Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg.
Chang, H.-K. and G. J. Zylstra. 2010. Xanthomonads, p. 1805-1811. In K. N. Timmis (ed.), Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology. Springer Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg.
Chang, H.-K., J. J. Dennis, and G. J. Zylstra. 2009. Involvement of two transport systems and a specific porin in the uptake of phthalate by Burkholderia spp. J. Bacteriol. 191:4671-4673.
Sul, W. J., J. Park, J. F. Quensen III, J. L. M. Rodrigues, L. Seliger, T. V. Tsoi, G. J. Zylstra, and J. M. Tiedje. 2009. DNA-stable isotope probing integrated with metagenomics: retrieval of biphenyl dioxygenase genes from PCB-contaminated river sediment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75:5501-5506.
Ahn, Y.-B., J.-C. Chae, G. J. Zylstra, and M. M. Haggblom. 2009. Degradation of phenol via phenylphosphate and carboxylation to 4-hydroxybenzoate by a newly isolated strain of the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfobacterium anilini. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75:4248-4253.
Schuler, L., Y. Jouanneau, S. M. Ní Chadhain, C. Meyer, M. Pouli, G. J. Zylstra, P. Hols, S. N. Agathos. 2009. Characterization of a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase from phenanthrene-degrading Sphingomonas sp. strain LH128 able to oxidize benz[a]anthracene. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 83:465-475.
